Letter From Birmingham Jail Essay - 1133 Words

Zuri Wells Magan Davis PHIL 103 5/2/2015 Letter from Birmingham Jail: That Is UNJUST INTRODUCTION In 1963, Martin Luther King was confined in Birmingham because of his protesting contributes. During this time, there was segregation going on which enjoined African Americans from utilizing particular areas or any type of accommodations in all. King had indited a letter in replication to the eight white clergymen who reprehended King s actions. In the Letter from Birmingham jail King bulwarks the lawfulness of protesting, transgressing the law in nonviolent demonstrations against segregation and racism. The major premise here is that all laws that devalue the human disposition are inequitable. The white clergymen who conveyed objection to King s actions felt that his actions were transgressing the law and causing chaos. King argues that the laws of the segregated south are inequitable and should not be accepted or followed. King breaks the distinguishment between God s laws and discriminatory, man-made laws that are made to oppress the Black race, and how he is obligated to fight ag ainst those types of laws. The more diminutive premises here is that laws of segregation devalue the ebony man/woman character. Analysis of the Argument King includes deductive reasoning inside of his letterShow MoreRelatedLetter From Birmingham Jail Essay Essay1451 Words   |  6 PagesZhuo Liu Lauren Sassenoff English 1P-5 25 September 2016 Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay In 1963 Martin Luther King Jr. wrote a letter while incarcerated in Birmingham jail to eight clergymen in response to their letter known as â€Å"A Call for Unity.†Ã‚  The letter asked for the stop of direct action type protest in Birmingham, Alabama that Martin Luther King was leading.   The letter has become known as one of the greatest works of argument in American history. Part of the reason for the letter’sRead MoreEssay on A Letter From a Birmingham Jail717 Words   |  3 PagesA Letter From a Birmingham Jail In Martin Luther King, Jr.s Letter from a Birmingham Jail, his thoughts and ideas are directly stated, well expressed, explained, and illustrated. Kings style of writing gives the reader a clear glimpse into the world with which he struggled and allows his letter to be powerfully effective. In the introductory paragraph, King introduces his reason for writing the letter and details who the audience is to be. He explains that he rarely answers criticismsRead More Letters from a Birmingham Jail Essay1534 Words   |  7 PagesLetters from a Birmingham Jail Aristotle is a very citable man when it comes to the way we think today. His rhetoric techniques are still being used in todays society. The Neo-Aristotelian Criticism is three different appeals of persuasion. This is ethos, pathos and logos, which makes one heck of a convincing argument. Ethos gives credibility, pathos shows emotion and logos uses words. In the text, Letter from Birmingham Jail, we find many examples of the criticism. Martin Luther King Jr.Read More The Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1029 Words   |  5 PagesOn April 16, 1963, from a jail in Birmingham, Alabama, Martin Luther King Jr. composed an extensive letter to eight clergymen who condemned the timing of the civil rights movement. Although the letter was addressed to these eight clergymen, the Letter from Birmingham Jail speaks to a national audience, especially King’s â€Å"Christian and Jewish brothers†(King, 29). His peaceful but firm letter serves as a remarkably persuasive voice to an immensely chaotic mess, and is seen as a major turning pointRead MoreLetter from Birmingham Jail Analysis Essay942 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† Martin Luther King Jr. wrote the â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail,† after an unjust proposal made by eight white clergymen. Their claims were to be that no Negro â€Å"outsider† should be allowed to establish or lead any protest and should leave them to their local neighborhoods. King replied directly to the clergymen, but used religious ties to also have his voice heard in the public. In his counter argument, King strategically used logical evidence, emotional aspectsRead MoreAn Analysis of Letter from a Birmingham Jail Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages Letter from a Birmingham Jail was written by Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. in April of 1963, as he sat, as the title states, in a Birmingham, Alabama jail. King had been jailed for his participation in a peaceful protest of segregation in public places such as lunch counters and public restrooms (Berkley, 2003). While jailed, King read a criticism of the protest by a group of white ministers, who felt such demonstrations â€Å"directed and in part led by outsiders† were â€Å"unwise and untimely†Read MoreSummary of Letters from Birmingham Jail Essay777 Words   |  4 PagesHelal Ahmed Professor Smith English 125 October 6, 2010 Summary of M.L.K.’s Letters from Bringham Jail   Ã‚              Ã‚         Martin Luther King Jrs â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† was written during his 8 day sentence in jail in 1963. He chose to travel and protest in Birmingham due to the fact that it was widely known as one of the most  segregated city in the U.S.  The letter not only addresses the issues of unjustly being arrested for being an extremist of his approach to the protest, and of theRead More Martin Luther Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1241 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail In his essay Letter from Birmingham Jail, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. disproves the assumptions of people that believe racism is acceptable when he compares the maltreatment of blacks to the inhumane treatment of the Jews by Hitler. King establishes a relationship with his audience by connecting on a level that is larger than the exploitation of African Americans rights. He forces his readers to think aboutRead MoreLetter from Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King Essay1116 Words   |  5 Pagescompositions was done in a jail cell in Birmingham, Alabama in 1963. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. who was heading a national political movement for the recognizable equal treatment of colored people wrote a letter to his fellow clergy men while being imprisoned. In one article, he was able to address not only the clergy, but a wide, diverse audience, send his message across thoroughly, and affect millions of lives because of his purpose and the different personas he assumed. Dr. Kings letter w as a success becauseRead MoreEssay about Kings Argument in A Letter from Birmingham Jail951 Words   |  4 PagesKings Argument in A Letter from Birmingham Jail In Dr. Kings essay Letter from Birmingham Jail he addresses the claims made about his arrest by the eight clergymen. His responses are very long and detailed, giving a very compelling and moving point of view. His letter is directed to his audience, which consists of white middle class citizens who Dr. King refers to as the white moderates. Dr. Kings letter is very persuasive because his use of pathos makes the audience think or imagine

Alexander the Great vs Napoleon Bonaparte, What I Got so Far Free Essays

When we think of Alexander the Great, we think of an outstanding war hero. When we think of Napoleon Bonaparte, we think, again, of an outstanding war hero. If a random person were asked who either of these rulers was, their first response would be a fact about war. We will write a custom essay sample on Alexander the Great vs Napoleon Bonaparte, What I Got so Far or any similar topic only for you Order Now Alexander and Napoleon share similarities in their warfare, and how they used it to conquer and establish new lands. Alexander the Great’s strong perseverance and incredible battle strategies led to increase his power over his empire. Napoleon used his intelligence and skill of manipulation to earn respect and support from the French people, which gained him great power. Both men had similar qualities attaining leadership but their strategies to reach this were very different. Alexander the Great was King of Macedon, a state located in Northern Greece. Aristotle tutored him until the age of 16, and by the age of 30 he had created one of the largest empires in the ancient world. As he was undefeated in battle, Alexander is considered as one of history’s most successful military commanders and his battles and strategies are still taught at military schools worldwide. Alexander III of Macedon, commonly known as Alexander the Great, was born on a bright July day in 356 B. C. and died in June of 323 B. C. During his lifetime he was: King of Macedonia (336-323), Pharaoh of Egypt (332-323), King of Persia (330-323), and the King of Asia (331-323). From reading that alone, it is known that he was a conqueror and successful ruler. Alexander was the son of his predecessor Phillip II who passed away in 336 B. C. leaving the throne, a strong kingdom, and a very experienced army to Alexander. Alexander was awarded to be general of Greece and went on to complete his father’s military expansion plans. With this set up now, King Alexander wasted no time. In 334 B. C. he invaded the Persian-ruled Asia Minor and began a campaign lasting roughly ten years. During this campaign, specifically the battles of Issus and Gaugamela, Alexander had broken the powers of Persia. Alexander the Great went on to overthrow King Darius III to conquer the entirety of the Persian Empire and now has a kingdom that reigns from the Adriatic Sea to the Indus River. That wasn’t enough for King Alexander; he wanted to reach the â€Å"ends of the world and the Great Outer Sea†. With this, he set off to invade India in 326 B. C. but was orced to turn around at the expense of his troops. Alexander the Great died in Babylon in 323 B. C. ; in years following his death many civil wars broke out and tore apart his empire. Many years later, in a galaxy far far away, on the date of August 15, 1769 another war hero and emperor was born, Napoleon Bonaparte. Napoleon reigned over the French from May 18, 1804 to April 11, 1814 and ruled Italy over the years f rom March 17, 1805 to April 11, 1814. Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, set up Napoleonic Code; it was a major influence in civil law jurisdictions. Napoleon is best recognized for his role in the wars against France, known as the Napoleonic Wars. His success in these multiple battles led Napoleon to be known as one of the best military leaders of all time. His strategies and campaigns are studied at military schools around the world. Napoleon Bonaparte was born into a family of noble Italian ancestry. Napoleon settled in Corsica in the 16th century and later was trained as an artillery officer at a prestigious military school in France, where they most likely talked of Alexander the Great’s military conquests and strategies. In 1799, Napoleon staged a â€Å"coup d’etat† and made himself first consul. 5 years later the French proclaimed him emperor where he engaged in a series of battles, as said before these were known as the Napoleonic Wars. These wars involved every major power in Europe; after Napoleon’s many victories France maintained a dominant position of authority amongst the continent of Europe. In 1812, the French invasion of Russia and the Peninsula War were turning points in Napoleon’s career. Napoleon’s army was heavily damaged nor ever fully recovered. Just a year later, the 6th Coalition defeated what was left of Napoleon’s army and further invaded France, forced Napoleon to give up the throne, and exiled him to the island Elba. After a year of being exiled, Napoleon escaped from Elba and returned to France where he gained back control. It was only for a short period of time, until he was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. He spent the last four years of his life in confinement on another island, Saint Helena, where he died of stomach cancer. How to cite Alexander the Great vs Napoleon Bonaparte, What I Got so Far, Papers

Nation - Power and Difference for Standardized - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theNation, Power and Difference for Standardized Privilege. Answer: Introduction Australia has had a dark history since the time of the European settlers. It was inherently the land of the Aboriginals, the earliest inhabitants of Australia, who are supposed to have arrived some 50, 000 years ago (Australia.gov.au 2017). During the late 18th century, the British started claiming supremacy over Australia and started using as an outpost for British convicts. By the start of the 20th century, people of British descendants dominated almost entire Australian population. Overview of the online posts Whiteness as a standardized privilege The online posts discus whiteness as a general term used for all the white people across the globe. The first online post throws light on the privileges white people get over people of different color with references from the film, The Color of Fear. The post further explains the access white people have to resources and power. The bridge between the whites and other colored people have expanded to such an extent that it has come to a point where white people now consider privileges as something normal which they are ought to get. The invisible others The second post explores the atrocities and neglect the other colored people received from the colonial times to the present age of globalization. In explaining the present condition of the other people, a comparison has been drawn between the white people and people of different color. While the whites enjoy the liberty to voice their opinion, different colored people are silenced (Moreton-Robinson 2015). The post also talks about the influence of historical progress on the current predicament of the different colored people. Ignoring the colored people The third post highlights the scary factor of colored individuals being ignored based on their skin color and undermining their potential. Further, the post draws on the views expressed by Kendall, where he says that white people are regarded as normal people demarcating the others as not normal. The post also discusses how arrogant white people can be and how they can easily ignore anything that the different colored individual has to say. Hopes for a better future In the fourth post, a better future for the people of different people especially in Australia has been advanced. Australia too suffers from the evil of racism although it has not come to the surface to catch world attention (Hollinsworth 2013). The post also gives an insight into the future possibilities of an equal nation. The idea of an equal nation with equal power sharing between the original inhabitants of Australia and the later settlers is going to be difficult but not impossible. An important has been highlighted in the post where it has been mentioned that the indigenous Australians must not only be given the power to voice their opinion, but it must also allow them to disintegrate the Australian National Identity. Issues that needed emphasis After going through all the four online posts on whiteness and Australia as a white nation, I have found that it highlighted many areas concerning racism but there must have been a broader description of racism issues in Australia. Moreover, the fourth post emphasizes on what Australia as a nation must do to abolish racism but in my view, it must have mentioned the ways to do it. Australia has not been an easy country for people of other races but it is gradually moving towards that direction. Apart from that, the post also talks about the balance of power between the whites and non-whites but there is no mention of how Australian citizens can contribute towards achieving the goal (Hokari 2013). Contradictions and complexities While analyzing the online posts, I discovered certain contradictions that came up. In my opinion, the writer could have avoided these contradictions or expressed his or her views clearly, so that the statements could have been clear. The writer stated in the second post that the whites do not want to realize the problems of other colored people. He or she contradicted the statement at the end of the same post stating that the whites consider people of different color as the problem (Mapedzahama et al. 2012). Now, the writer could have avoided this contradiction by either drawing comparisons between the two views of the white people or by mentioning clearly whether other colored people face problems or they themselves are the problem. While going through the post, I discovered certain complex issues that needed to be discussed elaborately. The writer mentions in the first post about privilege and dominance of whites over other colors. The post begins the argument with references from the movie, Color of Fear that white people no longer dominate over other colors but enjoy certain privileges, which they think are what they deserve (Gilbert 2013). I found it a very complex issue as dominance comes from privilege and these two terms cannot be used distinctly to describe the status of the white people. Furthermore, there are also mentions in the post about the standardization of privileges as belonging to the white only and that these privileges are the advantages the whites enjoy not at a personal but at an institutional level. Here, I think that the writer could have emphasized more and explain deeper meaning privileges being given at personal and institutional level (The New Daily 2017). The strengthening of the ga p between the privileged and the neglected with each passing time is getting stronger to an extent that white people find privileges to be normal, mentions the writer. I found this to be another complex issue. According to me, the writer could have used case studies to prove this point as I found it difficult as a reader to affirm to this point. It is because there are evidences that the world is moving ahead and there have been events and incidents that confirmed the fact that racism today is in its weakest form (Herring et al. 2013). Links to nation, power and difference concepts When I went through the fourth online post that mentioned the status and stand of Australia in regards of racism, I found minimum references to the concepts of nation, power and difference. Australia as a nation has faced the wrath of racism more than any other country especially during its initial years of existence but there was no mention about it in the post. In my opinion, the post could have included examples from Australias history as a white nation where policies like the White Australia Policy of 1901 boasted of white supremacy. Then it could have stated how these policies were later amended (Australia.gov.au 2017). In addition to that, I think the writer could also have highlighted the present status of the country. The amendments in laws, declaring Australia as a rapidly developing multicultural nation, could also have helped give the readers a clear view of the writer (ABC News 2017). Those enjoying privileges automatically earn the ability to enjoy power. The concept of power according to me, thus, is directly related to privileges. The post I feel could have established a link between these concepts. However, the last section of the fourth post does mention about the sharing of power and the need for it to be the focus of Australia as a nation looking ahead. Still, I as a reader craved for more insights into the steps taken by Australia in this regard. When power is shared amongst people of varied race, it turns out to be a boon to the nation. The writer could have given examples of recent developments in Australia where the citizens protested against the celebration of Australia Day on 26 January as it marked the anniversary of the atrocities Indigenous Australians had to go through in the hands of the British (The Conversation 2017). However, the writer convincingly stated the relationship between the balance in power relations and the shift in privileges enjo yed by the whites and other colored people. The scenario of the Australian National Identity is witnessing positive transformation. The shift in power relations automatically calls for a difference in the way a nation reacts to people of different color, cast or creed. I found very little emphasis on the difference a shift in power relation makes in the given posts. In addition, the writer could have mentioned the changes in policies that concern the safety, security and equality of the Aboriginals or the Torres Strait Islanders or people belonging to other tribes. However, the writer did include an insignificant part in the fourth post regarding the policies where the writer stated that there has not been much difference in Australias policy regarding the treatment of the others (Durey and Thompson 2012). It has only changed from mistreatment of others to invisibility. The supremacy of the white in Australia and the privileges enjoyed by them even today is not something that is in the open or debated nowadays, but its presence is felt (Hage 2012). Conclusion While reassessing the countrys national identity recently, it has been evident from the developments in the national policies that a concerted effort is being made to identify the other race as an integral part of Australia. However, the real difference is yet to be seen as only the whites are making and amending laws in the country with little or no contribution from the other skins. It is a matter of time when aboriginals, Torres Strait Islanders and other multiethnic citizens of Australia, that give the country vibrancy, will be given their deserved rights. References: ABC News. 2017.Wyatt becomes first Indigenous minister in 'signature moment' for Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-01-18/wyatt-to-become-australias-first-indigenous-minister/8191448 [Accessed 23 Oct. 2017]. Australia.gov.au. 2017.The changing face of early Australia | australia.gov.au. [online] Available at: https://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/changing-face-of-early-australia [Accessed 23 Oct. 2017]. Durey, A. and Thompson, S.C., 2012. Reducing the health disparities of Indigenous Australians: time to change focus.BMC health services research,12(1), p.151. Gilbert, K., 2013.Because a white man'll never do it. HarperCollins Australia. Hage, G., 2012.White nation: Fantasies of white supremacy in a multicultural society. Routledge. Herring, S., Spangaro, J., Lauw, M. and McNamara, L., 2013. The intersection of trauma, racism, and cultural competence in effective work with aboriginal people: Waiting for trust.Australian Social Work,66(1), pp.104-117. Hokari, M., 2013. Globalising Aboriginal Reconciliation: Indigenous Australians and Asian (Japanese) Migrants.Cultural Studies Review,9(2), pp.84-101. Hollinsworth, D., 2013. Decolonizing indigenous disability in Australia.Disability Society,28(5), pp.601-615. Mapedzahama, V., Rudge, T., West, S. and Perron, A., 2012. Black nurse in white space? Rethinking the in/visibility of race within the Australian nursing workplace.Nursing inquiry,19(2), pp.153-164. Moreton-Robinson, A., 2015.The white possessive: Property, power, and indigenous sovereignty. University of Minnesota Press. The Conversation. 2017.Changing Australia Day is pointless and there is much to celebrate. [online] Available at: https://theconversation.com/changing-australia-day-is-pointless-and-there-is-much-to-celebrate-71010 [Accessed 23 Oct. 2017]. The New Daily. 2017.Australian national identity redefined with integration at core. [online] Available at: https://thenewdaily.com.au/news/national/2017/03/20/multiculturalism-integration-freedom/ [Accessed 23 Oct. 2017].

Yeah free essay sample

As a romantic poet, he brought into play all means of romantic expression and achieved perfect unity between content and form in his poetry. Lie Basis poetry has an intense subjective and self-expressive tendency, and his emotions were always expressed with momentum of an avalanche. Extreme exaggeration, apt comparison and profound imagination effected a high realism. When reading the lines, Slashing water with the blade of my sword, it flows on all the more raise my goblet, drown my dollar deep, yet it waxed doubly sore, readers cannot help being moved by the despair a midst the renouncement.This expressive technique is especially seen in poems Traveling to Titanium Mountain in a Dream: A Parting Song and Difficult is the way to Shush. Lie ABA often made extensive use of technique involving imagery, exaggeration, analogy and personification in his poems,concocting a vision of fantasy and mystique, in language that is brisk, lively and refined. We will write a custom essay sample on Yeah or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lie ABA also wrote a number of poems from various viewpoints, including the personae of women. For example, he wrote several poems in the Uzi Ye, or Lady Midnight style, as well as Han folk-ballad style poems.Horace Horses lyric poetry comprises his seventeen Epode, and 1 03 Odes in four books. The former, which include some of his early work, are on a variety of political and satirical themes, with a few love poems. Most are written in an iambic meter, a longer line being followed by a shorter one, which is known as the epode, or after song. The first three books of odes were written between 33 and 23 BC, and reflect the events of the time. The fourth book was published in 15 BC. Horses odes are regarded as his finest works and are written in a variety of Greek meters whose rules he followed strictly. His other works include Carmen Secular, a poem to various gods, commissioned by Augustus to celebrate the Secular Games in 17 BC; three books of Epistles, Of which the third is generally known as the literary essay Ears Poetic; and two books of Satires the Latin word from which satire comes had the meaning of a medley of reflections on social conditions and events.Horace appears to have been a bit of a hypochondriac, while enjoying to the full his life, his work, and the position his work gave him in society. He died only a ewe months after his patron Nascent. Shops the tenth Muse In literary history and critical theory Shops greatest importance is to be found in her contribution to the idea of the lyric genre. Her work, which claims to be direct, impassioned, and simple and which is addressed to a circle of close friends and lovers rather than being impersonal or directed at connoisseurs, has significantly influenced the evolution of poetry.Her celebration of love has reechoed through the centuries not only in the work of translators and direct imitators, but also in all those other voices that have eared declare their love to be radically important, more compelling and serious than abstract notions of truth or justice or piety. At the same time Shops reminds modern readers of poetrys roots in magic and religion while occupying a firm place in Greek literary history as a metrical inventor and an expert practitioner of her art.Finally, she is widely recognized as one of the great poets of world literature, an author whose works have caused her readers to repeat in many different forms Stratas amazed epithet when he wrote that she could only be called a marvel. Shops was called lyrics because, as was the custom of the time, she wrote her poems to be performed with the accompaniment of a lyre. Shops composed her own music and refined the prevailing lyric meter to a point that it is now known as Sapphic meter.She innovated lyric poetry both in technique and style, becoming part Of a new wave Of Greek lyricist who moved from writing poetry from the point of view of gods and muses to the personal vantage point of the individual. She was one of the first poets to write from the first person, describing love and l oss as it affected her personally. Her style was sensual and melodic; primarily songs of love, yearning, and reflection. Most commonly the target of her affections was female, often one of the many women sent to her for education in the arts. She nurtured these women, wrote poems of love and adoration to them, and when they eventually left the island to be married, she composed their wedding songs. That Shops poetry was not condemned in her time for its homoerotic content (though it was disparaged by scholars in later centuries) suggests that perhaps love between women was not persecuted then as it has been in more recent mimes.Especially in the last century, Shops has become so synonymous with woman-love that two Of the most popular words to describe female homosexualitylesbian and Sapphic have derived from her. Yuri Poetry consists of a poem, such as a sonnet or an ode, that expresses the thoughts and feelings of the poet. The term lyric is now commonly referred to as the words to a song. Lyric poetry does not tell a story which portrays characters and actions. The lyric poet addresses the reader directly, portraying his or her own feeling, state of mind, and perceptions.

Starving The Hungary Essays - U.S. Route 66, Dust Bowl, Great Plains

Starving The Hungary Essays - U.S. Route 66, Dust Bowl, Great Plains Starving the Hungary Though most Americans are aware of the Great Depression of 1929, which may well be the most serious problem facing our free enterprise economic system, few know of the many Americans who lost their homes, life savings and jobs. This paper briefly states the causes of the depression and summarizes the vast problems Americans faced during the eleven years of its span. This paper primarily focuses on what life was like for farmers during the time of the Depression, as portrayed in John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath, and tells what the government did to end the Depression. In the 1920's, after World War 1, danger signals were apparent that a great Depression was coming. A major cause of the Depression was that the pay of workers did not increase at all. Because of this, they couldn't afford manufactured goods. While the factories were still manufacturing goods, Americans weren't able to afford them and the factories made no money (Drewry and O'connor 559). Another major cause related to farmers. Farmers weren't doing to well because they were producing more crops and farm products than could be sold at high prices. Therefore, they made a very small profit. This insufficient profit wouldn't allow the farmers to purchase new machinery and because of this they couldn't produce goods quick enough (Drewry and O'connor 559). A new plan was created called the installment plan. This plan was established because many Americans didn't have enough money to buy goods and services that were needed or wanted. The installment plan stated that people could buy products on credit and make monthly payments. The one major problem with this idea was that people soon found out that they couldn't afford to make the monthly payment(Drewry and O'connor 559). In 1929 the stock market crashed. Many Americans purchased stocks because they were certain of the economy. People started selling their stocks at a fast pace; over sixteen million stocks were sold! Numerous stock prices dropped to fraction of their value. Banks lost money from the stock market and from Americans who couldn't pay back loans. Many factories lost money and went out of business because of this great tragedy (Drewry and O'connor 352). By the 1930's, thirteen million workers lost their jobs which is 25 percent of all workers. The blacks and unskilled workers were always the first to be fired. Farmers had no money and weren't capable of paying their mortgages. Americans traveled throughout the country looking for a place to work to support themselves and their family (Drewry and O'connor 560-561). John Steinbeck, born in 1902, grew up during the Depression near the fertile Salinas Valley and wrote many books of fiction based on his background and experiences during that time and area of the country. One of his great works would be the Grapes of Wrath. In this book, Steinbeck describes the farmers plight during the Great Depression and drought. When the rains failed to come, the grass began to disappear. As the farmers watched their plants turn brown and the dirt slowly turn to dust they began to fear what was to come. In the water-cut gullies the earth dusted down in dry little streams. As the sharp su! n struck day after day, the leaves of the young corn became less stiff and erect. "Then it was June and the sun shone more fiercely. The brown lines on the corn leaves widened and moved in on the central ribs. The weeds frayed and edged back toward their roots. The air was thin and the sky more pale; and every day the earth paled. (4). The farmers worst fears were realized when their corn and other crops began to die. The dust became so bad they had to cover their mouths with handkerchiefs so they could breath (5). When the drought hit the Great Plains and the soil turned to dust, many farmers moved to California because they could no longer farm their land(Drewry and O'connor 561). The drought began to affect other parts of the country. In 1930, Missouri's belt of fertile land dried up. Ponds, streams, and springs all dried up and the great Mississippi River water level sank lower

A Study of the Events That Motivated My Identity

A Study of the Events That Motivated My Identity â€Å"I’m disappointed†, said my father after he saw the paper my teacher sent with my horrible test grade. I’ve always looked up to my father, so when he told me those words felt the shame piercing my soul. However, presently I am a hardworking person who has come far in school. The geeky glasses and pony tail add to my school girl look. Getting superior grades in school is one of my main priorities and it has been effective since I graduated in the top percent at my school. I’ve come far as a result of the dedication I put into my schoolwork. Throughout my life, I experienced many things that have that shaped who I am today, but that shameful event had the greatest impact on the person I’ve become. It taught me not to take things for granted and to always weight my options. In sixth grade they informed us of a state test that the students were required to take. We were told of its importance and difficulty. All my friends and classmates spent that year preparing while I passed the time watching TV and playing on the computer. I believed that I didn’t need to know any more information than what I knew in order to pass. I would say â€Å"Ill study tomorrow whenever my parents peeved about reviewing. When the day came, I sat down in that cold room and made a terrible realization; it was impossible to answer any of the questions. I just stared blankly at the clock and watched time pass while everyone around me completed the exam. When the results came back they reflected the horror I went through that day. My teacher became disappointed and sent a note to my parents. I let everyone down. The next year, I was forced to take remedial classes while my friends took classes like art or played outside. I stayed home and studied every day in order to retak e and pass the test. It was embarrassing that I acted carelessly and thought too high of myself. Consequently, I faced the consequences. That shameful experience taught me many valuable things. It helped me understand that I need to pay attention to the little things in life because they can impact our lives. I realized that I needed to work harder if I wanted a better future. Now I have a greater sense of my goals and priorities and no longer give up on my goals as easily as before. I work harder towards the things I want to achieve and try to focus more on my school work. These attributes are what helped me get accepted into my dream university and in am in one of the best colleges of the states with a scholarship. Everyone is made up of the experiences they faced. Events in our lives, whether large or small, shape the way we are. A shameful incident that marks who I am today was failing my exam at a young age. It made me into an intellectual student who is more focused on accomplishing her goals. It proved to me that we always learn from our past and our mistakes for we are the sum of our experiences and tomorrow we will become more than we are today.

Product Liabilities Cases. Confidential Business Information Essay

Product Liabilities Cases. Confidential Business Information - Essay Example Though product liability is a valid legal requirement, the Supreme Court pushed the limits too high that many manufactures have shied away from the market. The Supreme Court denied the fact that in some cases, though a supplier may be certain of the functionality of a product, systems may go haywire lidding to unforeseen damages or fatalities. Though consumer activists explain that such products liability suits would make manufactures more responsible on the threat of product liability, the fact is that such suits are hurting the manufacturing sector and preventing thousands of innovations from getting into the market (Andre & Velasquez, 2010). Increased product liabilities cases lead to increased cost of goods to the consumer, which implies that the cost of the litigations outweigh their benefits to the society. Andre & Velasquez (2010) explains that the high cost of litigations in many companies, making up to 60% of litigation expenses is making cost of doing business to increase s ubstantially; as the cost of liability suits increases, the company passes the increased burden to customers in terms of high product processes. Therefore, such litigations by a few will hurt many customers in terms of increased prices. In some extreme cases, companies have been forced to scale dozen their operations due to the high costs of such litigations. This results to thousands of job losses. For example, a Conference Board report recently revealed that 15% of companies were forced to undertake massive downsizing, while another 8% were forced to close down plants due to such litigations (Andre & Velasquez, 2010). In addition to losing jobs, such a move hurts the economy as productivity and investments are forced to close as a result of litigations. Moreover, more companies with ingenious products fear introducing such products in the company. The above report revealed that up to 39% of companies delayed introducing new products in the market due to fear of litigations. In fac t, withe such litigations, vaccines to some diseases such as AIDS may never be realized as manufacturers shy away from the market due to such litigations. This hurts the overall economy and society in general. DQ 2 Every business has to abide to some legal agreements that are protected under the law. In order to act ethically, a business has to ensure that all information held about their clients is confidential and is not to be disclosed to any other party under any case, unless a court of law orders such information to be presented. According to British Law (2012) a confidentiality agreement or any non-disclosure agreement is a legally binding contract, with owner of the information disclosing such information to a third party; the third party is legally required to keep such information confidential and not disclose such information to any other party. According to IPR Help Desk (2012), trade secrets are any confidential information held by a business, which makes a business to a chieve an economic benefit that translates to competitive advantage. Such a secret is largely unknown to competitors due to the strategic efforts by the holder of such information to keep it a secret. Client contacts give a business a competitive advantage over its competitors in that a business with more clients will have more profitability and performance compared to others, which is form of competitive advantage. Customer emails are part of customer information that has to be confidential and

How does the Media Influence Perception of the Female Representation Essay

How does the Media Influence Perception of the Female Representation - Essay Example Gone are the days when beauty lay in the eye of the beholder, and a well-proportioned body was a thing of beauty and object of admiration. But, then, we live in a consumer, if not a consumerist, society where consumption means â€Å"the purchase and use of goods, leisure activities and services†. (Jagger. 2000). Though some writers (Schama. 1987) trace consumerism to the 17th century Netherlands, others (Ewen. 1976; Susman. 1982) emphasise that it was not until the years between the First and the Second World Wars in the USA and Britain that consumer culture became fully established. The elusive â€Å"ideal† Even today one hears it said the world over that â€Å"consumer is king†, or the â€Å"queen† as the case may be, but the insidious brainwashing of the â€Å"king† or the â€Å"queen† by the media at the instance of advertisers has left the â€Å"queen† with no volition. She dances to the tunes of the media, the tunes called by advertisers who pay the piper. Consumer society develops an increasing need to shop, meaning that individual consumers are increasingly finding the definition of themselves within commodities which can develop a feeling of high or low esteem if they do not have the new car, handbag, or pair of shoes presented as the new â€Å"ideal†. (Marcuse: 1964). Shakespeare may have had his own reasons for saying in one of his plays that â€Å"good wine needs no bush†(â€Å"As You Like It†), but in today’s world advertising rules the roost and helps what amounts really to commodification of the consumer. After all, they have come to see themselves in terms of the commodities and goods that they purchase and possess. Advertisers sell the "ideal" image that most people long for but not all of whom can achieve. That "ideal", of its very nature, is unattainable, a mirage that one keeps chasing all one's life, is not allowed to be realised in the palaver of the media. Those who buy the advertised products are made to image that they are buying the resultant image. Thus, advertising claims to sell a lifestyle through the wares it hawks. Commodities are consumed not only for their "use value" but also for their "sign value" (Jagger: 2000). That means commodities are bought also for "what they signify" (p.47) because "symbolic consumption is fundamental to the process by which modern individuals create and display their identities". Nature defied! Similarly, one's appearance "does express personhood" (Judith Andre. 1994. p. 21). "It expresses one's choice, one's values, and one's taste" and thus, possibly, one's identity. Thus, what was once considered immutable and the work of Nature is being reworked. For consumer culture to flourish, not only do new images have to keep being created, but consumers need to have reasons for keeping on buying. The reason, Jagger argues, is "the desire for the sign, not the commodity itself". In other words, it is not the intrinsic worth or utility of a commodity that influences that judgment of consumers but its appearance. Above all, the tendency to keep up with the Joneses, the need to be seen having what everyone wants, forgetting that the ideal is unattainable, combine to help advertisers put consumers into a straitjacket. An obvious example is the television programme "MTV Cribs" where the rich and the famous show viewers around their homes, and, in the process, show what is most likely something they will never have. However, it is something viewers will continue to

Child Obesity Problem Essay Example for Free

Child Obesity Problem Essay Abstract.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Child obesity has been a serious issue in America. Approximately a 1/3 of children populations are overweight or risk becoming overweight. Children are eating unhealthy foods with minimal nutritional value and the physical education programs are being cut of the school day. Since these are the major causes of obesity they spell doom for America. The Bill no S. 100 also known as Healthy Students Act of 2007 was introduced by Barbara Boxer the California Senator who is also an advocate of children and families. (www.govtrack.us). It advocates for the health of children in schools by promoting better nutrition and increased physical activities. American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the American Heart Association (AHA) support it. Major causes of obesity are lack of physical exercise combined with poor diet. A balance must be struck so that calorie intake does not outdo calorie utilization. Children need to burn up calories through physical activities. They should not over rely on inactive leisure activities like watching television, surfing the net and playing video games Childhood obesity is associated to various health effects like hypertension, diabetes and respiratory diseases illnesses for instance diabetes and high blood pressure. It is therefore an important national bill that will help save the children of America. However, its implementation could be delayed due to the legislative process that could take time. Again the taxpayers who are expected to fund it might oppose it. The Healthy Students Act of 2007 Bill no S. 100 is a bill that encourages the healthy of children in schools by promoting better nutrition and increased physical activities. It is a national bill that was sponsored by Barbara boxer of CA on January 4th 2007. (www.govtrack.us)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The bill requires the establishment of a pilot program providing grants to school districts or non-profit organizations for use in promoting healthy food alternatives under the school lunch and school breakfast programs. It amends the Public Health Service Act to establish a student loan forgiveness program for nurses who agree to employment as full-time nurses in elementary or secondary schools for 3 complete years. It also amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow corporations a tax deduction for the charitable contribution to a private foundation of exercise or gymnasium equipment for use by elementary and secondary school students.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The proposed policy is a federal legislation to be enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives. The legislation is very realistic and can therefore be successfully implemented. The federal government is expected to sponsor it. Currently it has been referred to the committee of finance and is in the process of deliberation. The proposal affects all people as it focuses on schools, which are heterogeneous in terms of gender, color or race. Members of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the American Heart Association (AHA) who supported the Healthy School Act in New York State support the policy. The American Diabetes Association is the nation’s leading 501(c) 3 non-profit health organization that provides diabetes research, information and advocacy. The American Heart Association is a national voluntary health agency whose mission is to build healthier lives free from cardiovascular diseases and stroke. (www.americaheart.org) Barbara Boxer who introduced it supports it. She is the current senator of the state of California. She has been an advocate of children and family and it would suffice to say that she represents Californian as well as the children. The AHA and ADA represent the promotion of healthier lifestyles for children. They are concerned about the increased health risks associated with changing lifestyles for Americans and are focused to promote the good health of children.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To support their positions the three parties have their arguments. Senator Boxer proposed the bill because children are eating unhealthy foods with minimal nutritional value and the physical education programs are being cut of the school day. AHA is concerned with promoting healthy lifestyles and lowering cholesterol levels through diet and physical exercise as well as preventing children from having cholesterol related health problems when they grow into adulthood. Americans should not be surprised by this policy. First, obesity in children is an issue that has attracted their concern and the dietary guidelines provided have been amended from section 9(a) of Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C 1758 a))   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This proposal is likely to be opposed by the local taxpayers. To fund proposal taxes may be imposed on them reducing their disposable incomes. Being forced to pay higher taxes may see them oppose the bill. Costs would be incurred as the programs to grow own food in schools and hiring of more physical education teachers would be incorporated. Another challenge that the bill faces is the legislative process, which may delay. The committees may reject them for instance the senate finance may hinder its proceeding from one position to the next.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Obesity among children has been increasing at alarming rates. People have adapted sedentary lifestyles and are not keen on the nutritional requirements of food. Convenience plays an important role in determining the food that one consumes. Approximately a 1/3 of children populations are overweight or risk becoming overweight. Childhood obesity is associated to various health effects like hypertension, diabetes and respiratory diseases. The major cause of obesity is lack of physical exercise combined with poor diet. (www.mayoclinic.com).   A balance must be struck so that calorie intake does not outdo calorie utilization. Although obesity in children affects people of all races, gender or color it has been observed that Africa American and Mexican American children are more likely to be overweight compared to non-Hispanic whites. It therefore suffices to say that people of color or the minority groups are more affected by obesity. Children of poor families are also more likely to be obese.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Regular consumption of pre-packaged food, fast food, soft drinks can cause obesity as they have quantities of calories and sugars. Consumption of vegetables and legumes is beneficial as they can help check on weight and cardiovascular diseases. Children are a critical population that needs more nutrients than human beings for their growth and development. Improving on the diet and exercising levels can help protect children’s health both at the current levels and in future. (Www.mayoclinic.com).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Physical exercises help burn out excess calories in the body. This helps reduce chances of acquiring illnesses for instance diabetes and high blood pressure. They also contribute to healthy bones and muscles. Children need to burn up calories through physical activities. (www.kidshealth.org).   They should not over rely on inactive leisure activities like watching television, surfing the net and playing video games. Families must play an important role in ensuring that their children stay healthy. Parents have a major role to play in influencing their children’s health. Parents are responsible for shopping and cooking in their homes and they determine the lifestyles to be adapted.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   They also set examples of the eating patterns as well as exercising patterns that to be adopted by their children. Parents should engage their children parents should engage their children in physical activities like swimming and jogging while at the same time ensuring that they provide healthy diets. Incorporating fruits and vegetables in their diets will be beneficial. Parents can also ensure that their children take food that is enough or that they eat with moderation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Mayo Clinic website section on childhood explains the signs, causes and problems that are associated with childhood obesity. It also provides ways by which families can control and prevent obesity in children. (www.mayoclinic.com). Another important website that addresses the costs and consequences that obese children face as well as their potential future with obesity and the weight related health care issue is the Junk Food Science. The Kids Health website provides important in-depth information to parents on how they should maintain their children’s health. It addresses the issues related to childhood obesity and its effects. Obesity in America organization website addresses the obesity issues. It focuses more on medical reasons for obesity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Obesity in children increases their healthcare expenditure compared to non-obese children. Obese children are more likely to have laboratory-screening tests as medical staff belief that they are at greater risks. Their blood pressure levels or lab values for cholesterol are higher than for normal healthy children translating to the increased costs. They are screened for blood pressure, sleep apnea and orthopedic abnormalities. (Junkfoodscience.blogspot.com).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Advocacy groups that can be useful in combating obesity in the US include the Endocrine society and The Hormone foundation. The Endocrine society is the world’s largest and most active professional organization of endocrinologists in the world and it is dedicated to promoting excellence in research, education and clinical advancements in the endocrinology field. The hormone foundation is an affiliate of the endocrine society and its very important in disseminating information. It has established programs on childhood or pediatric obesity. It works hand in hand with the Congress and Federal agencies that impact policies dealing with obesity. (www.obesityinamerica.org).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Parents should be create time to prepare nutritious foods for their children. They should not opt for the quick fix that can harm their children’s health. Obese children can have problems with their self esteem as they can be teased or bullied by their classmates. Obesity in children causes psychological problems to them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Overweight children can have bone and joint problems. They increase their chances of developing asthma and they can experience shortness of breath making physical activities more difficult. They have restless or disordered sleep patterns that can affect their development. Tendency to mature earlier is also reported in overweight children and overweight girls tend to have irregular menstrual cycles and fertility problems in their later days. A stitch in time saves nine and adverse overweight effects can be counted if appropriate measures are taken.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Schools have contributed to the increased numbers of obese and overweight children in America. Lesser time is allocated to physical education programs and some schools have cut it altogether. Sedentary lifestyles in children have consequently aggravated. Although genetics may contribute to obesity in children, the impact may be reduced if physical exercises and strict dietary measures are followed. It could be difficult to establish if an obese child born of obese parents is obese due to the genetic factor or due to the family lifestyles. (Www.kidshealth.org).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Parents should set good examples by adhering to appropriate diets as well as participating in exercises. They should not reward good behavior with sweets as they have high sugar levels. Educating the children about the importance of healthy diets is necessary. Children could rebel if ultimate elimination of sweets, snacks or candies is done. They could find ways to access such foods in absence of their parents. Again imposing a specific physical activity on them should be avoided and a variety should be included.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The media plays an important role in favoring ‘unhealthy food’. children who see people favoring foods in fast foods or in cartoon shows have the mentality that such food is appropriate. They urge their parent’s to offer them such foods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Children should eat more fruits, vegetables and whole grains. They also ought to get 30-60 minutes of moderate to vigorous exercises each day depending on their age. (www.kidshealth.org). Grains provide energy needs for the child and includes whole meal bread, cereals and pasta. They give children energy to play and carry out important activities. Vegetables provide minerals and vitamins needed for good health. They also provide fiber that is important in aiding digestion. Milk is important as it provides vitamin A, D, calcium and proteins. Fats should be used sparingly on children. (Www.kidshealth.org)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although the bill might never make it out of the committee or could be revised and incorporated in an already existing bill, I think this is a very applicable policy that can help save American children the consequences of obesity. Disseminating proper information to people through the media can work to curb child obesity. People should also take their own initiative to fight child obesity. References: Mayo Clinic staff. 2007. Childhood obesity. Retrieved on 23rd February 2008 from   http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/childhood-obesity/DS00698 Sandy Szwarc. 2007. Retrieved on 23rd February 2008 from   http://junkfoodscience.blogspot.com/2007/01/fat-children-burdens.html Endocrine Society and The Hormone Foundation. 2008.Retrieved on 23rd February 2008 from http://www.obesityinamerica.org/aboutus.html The Nemours Foundation. 2008. Kids Health. Retrieved on 23rd February 2008 from http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/ GovTrack.US. 2008. S. 100: Healthy Students Act of 2007. Retrieved on 23rd February 2008 from http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=s110-100

DVD Vs. VCR :: essays research papers

INTRODUCTIONThis report will strive to clearly discern the differences between the average home Video Cassette Recorder (VCR) and the recently developed Digital Video Disc (DVD) system. These two home entertainment components have very clear differences. It is important for consumers to carefully consider each of these concerns before deciding on the home entertainment component that is right for them.When considering the purchase of a home VCR or DVD system, consumers should carefully examine the varying costs of the two components. If cost is a concern, consumers should pay special attention to the purchase price of both systems, as well as the cost of movies and maintenance. A second consideration of consumers when choosing between VCR and DVD should be the video and audio quality. Various technical factors can alter the quality of both picture and sound in both of these systems, making picture and audio quality a major consideration when shopping for home entertainment components .A final consideration that consumers should give special attention is the accessibility of the systems. In today’s growing entertainment market, the difficulty in accessing video and DVD movies can play a large part in the decision of which component is right for the consumer.METHODSThe beginning of any research project is in the decision of a topic to research. I chose to research the differences between the VCR and DVD home entertainment systems because the intricacies of the systems and the ways in which they work greatly interest me. I began my work using ordinary encyclopedias, found in the Rosewood High School branch of the Wayne County Public Library. Due to the technical nature of my topics, there was very little information in the encyclopedias dealing with these topics. While I did receive some information on the background of home entertainment systems, especially the VCR, most of my research had to be found from other sources.I continued my research into the diff erences between these two systems, using the Microsoft Encarta Multimedia Encyclopedia. Through this source, I discovered a great deal of information on how the VCR works. However, little information was to be found on the DVD home entertainment system. For this information, I was forced to search the Internet, where a wealth of information exists. After a general search for DVD, I found several web sights discussing the pros and cons of DVD, as well as the intricacies of how it operates.After making notes of all of the information I had gathered, I proceeded to sort the notes into separate groups dealing with the VCR and DVD.

Who is liable?

This situation is full of negligence .So let’s start from the very beginning.â€Å"Bobby and Rachel were playing basketball on the school playground with a brand new backboard and rim built and installed by ACE Sports†. So this new equipment was installed by ACE Sports and this is their fault that Bobby was injured. If an accident is caused by a defective product, the manufacturer and seller of the product are both liable even if the injured person doesn't know which one was careless in creating or allowing the defect, or exactly how the defect happened.Also they were playing at the school playground, so the school authorities should stick to the security rules, and check school equipments. As we can see Rachel was also a â€Å"good† example of negligence, she wasn’t aware of the first aid rules and this is the fault of the school. She even didn’t have any idea to take Bobby to the school First Aid Box .As it known   The Health and Safety (First A id) Regulations, 1981, placed a general duty on the University to make adequate First Aid provision for all employees should they be injured or become ill at work.Each School and/or building is therefore required to provide:  a number of properly stocked First Aid Boxes appropriate to the risks of accidents or injuries that could arise from school activities and to place these boxes in the care of an Appointed Person or qualified First Aider;  access to the services of one or more qualified First Aiders as appropriate to the work of the School (Area);   notices giving the names and locations of the qualified First Aiders, Appointed Persons and the locations of the First Aid Boxes.The increased risk of injuries in recent years has made us all the more sensitive of the need for clear communication with youth and parents or legal guardians, for appropriate supervision for all activities, and proper maintenance of our facilities to reduce the possibility of accidental injury. The term â€Å"risk management† is often used to describe efforts to minimize possible injuries to those who are in care.A teacher’s duty of care also relates to the quality of instruction or training provided to the students. Regulation 298 requires teachers to â€Å"be responsible for effective instruction, training and evaluation of the progress of pupils in the subjects assigned to the teacher.†Ineffective instruction and training can cause serious harm to students, especially to those participating in activities that have the potential to place them at risk. When planning courses and activities for students, educators should consider what needs to be done to reduce risks of liability. Teachers must make every effort to address such crucial issues as the degree of supervision required, the instruction and training needed to permit the students to function properly, and the condition of the equipment to be used. So Rachel had no experience at all in this aria.The next element of negligence: â€Å"When they arrived at City General hospital, Bobby was immediately seen by a nurse who gave a large towel to Bobby.   Nurse Williams told Bobby to put pressure on the cut while she tried to get a hold of his parents.† As we can see even the nurse didn’t provide right first aid. Instead of towel she should give special bandage:   â€Å"Individually Wrapped Triangular Bandages (preferably sterile): can be used as a pad to stop bleeding, as a sterile covering for large injuries such as burns, as a bandage, or to make a sling.† So we can judge her for the negligence because a person can be considered negligent whenever he or she had a duty to act carefully and failed to do so. She failed not only provide first aid but also she made him to wait, instead of giving him certain treatment.Unfortunately this hospital shows us that a great part of its staff failed in their duty: Dr. Andrews, a surgeon who was going to have a lunch and sent him to make an x-rate, then ten minutes later, Nurse Williams who told Bobby to go to the x-ray department, Johnny, the x-ray technologist who took some x-rays and sent Bobby back. So let’s turn to the STATE (TORT) LIABILITY LAW.There are three types of torts under state law, each with different levels of proof and focusing upon different elements of the injury or damage. Evidence rules, precedent, and judicial discretion play a role in determining what type of tort law will be applied.NEGLIGENCE — In this case, intent or mental state do not matter. What matters is whether some inadvertent act or failure to act created an unreasonable risk to another member of society. (Examples: speeding resulting in traffic accident; not responding to 911 call) Most states have three levels of negligence: (1) slight or mere (absence of foresight); (2) gross (reckless disregard) this is our case and (3) criminal. To be prosecuted under tort law for negligence usually requires at least level 2 since to be prosecuted for mere negligence requires considering foresee ability which would support charging the person with an intentional tort or not.Examples of gross negligence or accumulations of mere negligence constitute deliberate indifference.   This standard is usually satisfied by looking at whether or not the agency administration engaged in supervisory negligence. Virtually every decision a police administrator makes subjects them to possible liability. There are examples of supervisory negligence and our case relates to them:Failure to treat – also a liability of officers and jail manager; not providing first aid, ambulance service, or counselling (given the foresee ability of suicide); Negligent entrustment ;Negligent assignment ;Failure to direct ;Failure to discipline; Failure to investigate ;Failure to protect ;Negligent classification etc.Negligence, according to Sr. Mary Angela Shaughnessy, S.C.N., J.D., is the most common of all lawsuits f iled against educators. Negligence is an unintentional act or omission, which results in injury. Due to the fact that negligence is unintentional, a person charged with negligence is generally not going to face criminal charges but monetary charges (Shaughnessy, 1996, pp.8-9).So I also can state that we deal with not only simple, everyday negligence but with Legal negligence. Legal negligence must include four elements. If any of these elements is missing, legal negligence cannot be found. The four elements of negligence are:Duty †¢ Violation of duty †¢ Proximate cause †¢ InjuryOur case has all this elements.The person charged with negligence must have had a responsibility or a duty in the situation. Injuries that occur at a place or time where the person does not have responsibility does not constitute liability. Violation of duty means that the person charged with negligence was not engaged in the responsibility or duty. Accidents can happen even with proper supervi sion but there is no negligence if there is no violation of duty. And as we can see the violation of duty had a great deal in this case.Now I can state that I have entirely evaluated the potential liability (tort or otherwise) of the various parties in this case.SOURCES1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Police Liability Concerning Human Rights2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kappeler, V. (1993). Critical Issues in Police Civil Liability. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.

Agility Resilience in organisation

The purpose of this business report is to examine AH Moor's approach to organizational agility and resilience; cooking specifically at the promotion of leadership and enterprise workforce. It explores the benefits to the organization of the implementation of a systematic plan for selecting, motivating and developing employees with the requisite skills and demonstrated behaviors to operate effectively in highly uncertain, highly unstructured environments and demonstrating how enabling this improves organizational outlook.As organizational resilience and agility is seen as a systematic property, both individual and organizational levels are explored. In today's global economic climate businesses need to sustain a competitive advantage to remain above the competition. It Is the geopolitical uncertainty, with unprecedented changes and Instability and business discontinuities that demand organizational agility and organizational resilience. Unforeseen circumstances Like the terrorist acts of September 1 lath had adverse effects on businesses that dealt with commodities such as gold, and the company was no exception. The sudden hike in gold price resulted in the company losing millions, and the lack of agility and resilience the organization possessed meant it paid greatly with the years that followed. Presently, in the many is undergoing major transformational changes to its corporate strategy and development, and a change that the new HER team is pushing towards is changing the way recruitment is being carried out.Arguably, human talent is capital; talented persons carry within them, in their knowledge and expertise, important parts that are means of production. Intellectual capital and talented labor force is now central to many business enterprises (Riveter & Kline, 2000). It Is argued adequate Job fit needs to play Into consideration to allocate correct personnel to handle a demanding Job ole within the gold/jewelry sector given the businesses geographical locat ion and fierce competition which is ever-growing due to rising gold stocks.In addition with the recent rapid development of the united Arab Emirates has seen greater rise in competition. At the individual level, resilience can be explained through occupational stress or burnout that account for the continuation of or even increases in worker performance and psychological well-being in the face of difficult work conditions (Carver, 1998; Mismatch & Letter, 1997). At the organizational level, characteristics of organizations (e. G. Man resource practices, organizational culture and values) have been related to agile reactions and continued survival under volatile, demanding work conditions (Horned & Orr, 1998; Mammal, 1998). An organization's capacity for resilience Is rooted In a set of Individual level knowledge, skills, and ablest and organizational routines and processes by which an organization conceptually positions itself, acts decisively to move forward, and overcome the poten tially debilitating consequences of a disruptive shock (Lenience- Hall & Beck, 2009).A organizations capacity for developing organizational resilience s achieved through strategically managing human resources to create individual competencies among core employees, that when combined at the organizational level, make it possible for organizations to effectively absorb uncertainty, develop situation-specific responses to threats, and ultimately engage in transformation activities so that they can capitalize on disruptive surprises that potentially threaten the survival of the organization.The lack of focus given to personnel selection has also highlighted an inability for staff to cope with the stressful pressures that come with working within gold and a highly charged industry. The company is situated in the popular Gold Soak region, where hundreds of retail shops and close to a hundred wholesale distributes are situated simply in that area alone. As a result competition is highly ch arged and the company has seen rates of turnover and absenteeism risen and levels of mental and physical well-being have deteriorated.It is the increased competition associated with the acceleration of market changes that have put pressure on organizations to react quickly whilst re-inventing themselves in response to external pressures. Study of individual differences reveals certain personality emissions such as locus of control, hardiness, and self-esteem relate to people's reaction to stresses. Rooter (1996) proposed that having an internal locus of control (believing you can control what happens in life) moderates the relationship between stresses and strain such that a strong internal locus is associated with less strain.This idea is in line with Karakas idea of perception of control. Giordano (2000) found Iranian business managers with higher levels of hardiness, the better their health and performance despite stressful situations. If there is a miss-match between individuals and the organizational culture; source of stress if a person believes organizational functions as unclear and unpredictable could lead to role ambiguity; Coco (1948) found non participation in decision process and uncertainty led was a predictor of strain, Job related stress.Literature findings are clear in regard to the implementation of stress on employee wellbeing through a behavioral, psychological and physiological perspective. Where the effects of strain can lead to the deterioration of memory, reaction time, accuracy and task performance. Modality (1986) found stress associated with less sensitivity, warmth and tolerance awards patients amongst nurses, Gaston school found association between unsupported work environments and quality of work performance in NASH staff.There is also evidence that on simple tasks moderate levels of arousal or stress seem to aid performance (Dawson et al. , 2009). Schaeffer (2004) found burnout was predicted mainly by Job demands and to lesser ex tent, Job resources; that is related to turnover intention and health problems; and that it mediates the relationship between Job demands and health problems. Three broad methods can be utilizes here to help reduce and manage stress that are grouped in three categories- remarry, secondary and tertiary interventions.The primary level of this hierarchy includes modifying and eliminating stresses. In relation to company this would include giving people more control over their Jobs and work environments; redesigning tasks they are required to do; giving flexible work schedules. Skimpier et employees to adopt to different ways of working. Bond & Bunch (2000) designed cluster of interventions that led employees having more input into decision-making and control over workloads, and put systems in place for getting advice form mangers quicker on vague tasks.Employees from intervention group reported less ill health, and higher Job performance. Perceived control in interventions group underp inned these positive outcomes. Also found individual differences appears to interact with the changes in control where Higher psychological flexibility benefited more, showing individual differences can lead to different outcomes for different employees. At a Secondary level focus on individuals response to stress, and focus more on employees than changing aspects of the organization.Increasing levels of social support for staff experiencing high level of stresses in organizations found ewer medical errors and malpractice claims in hospitals, and an increased agility and resilience in stressful environments (Murphy, 1996). This findings were also supported by Frees (1999) who looked at blue collar workers and also found social support exhibited less anxiety, and strain. Tertiary symptom directed, focus on helping individuals cope with consequences of stresses, again focus is on individuals rather than focus on organizations.One approach to provide medical care in house or outsourced for employees, another approach is PAP. Cooper and Saudi (1994) found improvements in mental health and esteem of those participating n Peeps within organizations, suggesting they can be helpful with stress, however approach this is a reactive approach not proactive because it doesn't prevent it, deal with problems after they arise rather than focus on creating positive work environments which minimize stresses.There has been rapid increase in compensation claims for work-related stress in recent years (Dyer, 2002). Furthermore it's been reported that growing proportion of employee absences may be accounted for by anxiety, and depression (McLeod 2003) and such circumstances have been found to have an effect on productivity, absenteeism, and occupational injuries. There is growing literature which argues that workplace counseling helps alleviate these issues, as well as improve employee problems.Here, it is argued the implementation of external sources through contractual agreements would be deemed beneficial as there is a lack of organizational resources and trained staff within HER to provide services, and furthermore consolidating in external counseling may be viewed as safer alternative where employees may fear of the level of confidentiality within their sessions. It should be noted not only is counseling being suggested to combat issues of individual and organizational stresses but also deal tit the impending issues of lack of diversity within the organization at present and the ongoing issues in relation to this.There are numerous studies that point out the benefits of counseling. In particular a substantial systematic review by McLeod (2001) found counseling to reduce work related stress in more than 50% of people, levels of sickness and absence reduced by 25-40%. There were clinically significant improvement in levels of anxiety, depression and stress reported in 60-75 of clients. AH Nor fails to implement development of employees through training to enable raciest, or learned routines that will provide a first response to any unexpected threats.Important organizational procedures and conduct are tied closely to of company beliefs and those beliefs then become core values which are the basis of day-to-day behaviors that translate intended strategies into actions (Hammond, 2002). Behavioral preparedness helps bridge a gap between divergent forces of learned resourcefulness and counterintuitive agility and merging forces of useful habits.A combination of useful habits and behavioral preparedness create a foundation of rehearsed and habitual expert routines that ensure an organizations initial and intuitive response to any situation will create options that than constraints (Ferrier, Smith, & Grimm, 1999). The principle behind the selection process is that individual differences between people in attitudes and skill and other personal qualities, and people are not equally suited for all Jobs therefore it is important to match the r ight person to the right Job.The main elements involved in designing and implementing personnel selection procedure can be outlined in the personal selection paradigm (Patterson and Ferguson, 2007). AH Nor possess no competency framework or reliable recruitment methods. It is suggested that the initial first steps required is a Job analysis to take place within the company recognizing the tasks that are assumed and the competencies required, including tasks that will remain stable over time.The goal of Job and competency analysis is to provide an evidence based specification to attributes that act as criteria for decision making during the selection and guide the choice of assessment techniques. Assessments are selected based on correspondence between the attributes they assess and those identified in the Job and competency analysis. It can be difficult to describe certain the behaviors associated with writing a complex financial report there for competency analysis has become very popular.It has been agreed that competency analysis goes beyond rigid boundaries of the Job title by taking into account the organization objectives vision s and strategy of staffing requirements (Livens and Sanchez 2007). Although the effects of faking are not understood but this can be reduced with providing feedback as research has suggested if individual knows the test will discussed later makes them think twice, also assessor is able to determine if individual was honest based on feedback session if they are unable to meet the data.Schmidt et al 1979, showed gains of over $1 m dollars per annum could be expected if ability tests were used to select park rangers, similar gains were also reported for computer programmer selection (Hugs & Manager 1959). Psychometric testing has grown popular in recent years, and it can be used in two ways in selection. It can provide a more detailed assessment of Job candidates and better manage applicants. They consist of tests of maximum perform ance which are tests of ability aptitude, linked to general intelligence, or specific facets like verbal, numerical and abstract etc.Tests of performance which are personality assessments. They are designed to assess aspect of individuals ability, choice of test is dependent on information gleamed from the job and competency analysis. These types of tests are used alongside early stage assessments it helps selector determine minimum acceptable level of ability for Job role, those below cut score are rejected. In Hunter and Schmidt (1998) meta-analysis general ability tests are right up with work sample and structured interviews with validity of 0. 1 . In combination with an integrity test (which would extend to personality assessment drawing on integrity-relevant traits), the validity rises to 0. 3. The particular HER system configuration that will leads to a capacity for organizational resilience. Moreover, it is important to recognize that while human capital, Just like many other assets, can be applied toward multiple ends; opportunity does not mean that the leverage potential will be realized.For example, creative problem solving routines, a clear sense of purpose, high levels of intellectual and social capital, and a propensity for iterative, double-loop learning which are elements contributing to a capacity for resilience can also contribute to developing organizational change trainees and promoting dynamic capabilities (Oriole and Savings, 2003). The perspective and mental agility that stem from needed cognitive abilities provide a foundation for an organization to be able to learn from the consequences of the actions it undertakes within its complex actions and thereby be more effective in dynamic competitive environments.Useful habits such as continuous dialogue and the trust that results from deep social capital provide the raw material for constructing meaning and making difficult choices in ambiguous situations. However, it takes deliberate intent to ensure that particular outcomes are realized. It is argued that it is the comprehensive bundle of desired employee contributions, HER principles and HER policies that enables a firm to develop a capacity for resilience (Lenience-Hall and Beck, 2011).Therefore it is argued that HER policies, practices, and activities are vital for an organizations capacity for resilience, and that organization's capacity for resilience is a multilevel collective attribute emerging from the capabilities, actions, and interactions of individuals and units within the company. Employee contributions, HER practices, and HER policies are the primary integrating mechanisms or achieving a collective resilience capability. Organizational resilience is an increasingly necessary collective competence for the company that operate in highly charged environments and those characterized by Jolts and surprises.Investments in human capital to develop employees who are adept learners, strong communicators, and skil led at creating strong interpersonal ties creates a foundation for both a capacity for resilience and effective knowledge management. Similarly, developing organizational skills such as â€Å"radicalized ingenuity' (Cutout, 2002)), using action to happen cognition (Wick, 1995), and counterintuitive thinking (Meyer, 1982) contribute to both a capacity for resilience and innovation. References Bond, F. W. & Bunch, D. (2000). Mediators of change in emotion-focused and problem- focused worksheet stress management interventions.

Communication and business

Communication and business TABLE OF CONTENTS1. INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION22. CASE STUDY 1: REJECTED PLANS52.1 BRIEF SUMMARY52.2 COMMUNICATION BARRIERS IN THE CONVERSATION BETWEEN BOB AND PETERSON62.3 EXAMPLES OF EFFECTIVE BEHAVIOR BY ELLEN83. CASE 2:ALLIED INDUSTRIES93.1 BRIEF SUMMARY:93.2 WHAT WAS THE CAUSE OF THE COMMUNICATION BREAKDOWN BETWEEN THE CUSTOMER AND SYLVIA?93.3 GIVE SOME EXAMPLES OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION BEHAVIOR BY MARVIN WHEN HE WAS DEALING WITH SYLVIA.103.4 GIVE SOME EXAMPLES OF EFFECTIVE BEHAVIOR BY MARVIN IN DEALING WITH THE CUSTOMER.111. INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATIONCommunication is one of the most important and at the same time one of the most difficult things in our everyday life -in all its aspects. We communicate -or at least we try to- every single second -consciously or not- not only with other people but with the entire environment as well. And, of course, communication is not a privilege of humans'.English: The Active Listening Chart shows the prog...As Marc Hauser puts it "Not hing would work in the absence of communication. Flowers must communicate with bees in order for pollination to be successful........Computer programmers must design software to communicate with their hardware. "The dictionary defines communication -from now on we shall refer to communication among humans- as a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs or behaviors . Therefore, the basic components of communication are the sender, the message, and the receiver. The sender transmits the message; the message triggers a response from the receiver; the receiver notices and attaches some meaning to the message . For the message to be transmitted, there has be some channel (often called medium), which is the method used to deliver the message. Additionally a code system is necessary; both the sender and the receiver must know the codes used. Noise is another...

Global Supply Chain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Global Supply Chain Management - Essay Example Apple was the pioneer in the mobile industry to give the facility of an Ecosystem to their customers. An ecosystem is connecting the company and its features with customers by means of a computer network. By using this technology, Apple was able to be connected with its remote vendors and buyers and giving them flexibility and choice in acquiring the company’s facilities and products. An important purpose the ecosystem serves for the Apple Inc is in the inventory management by keeping a check of the demand to supply ratio of the product. To reach the global market, the company has to have a very good estimation of number buyers interest and the number of suppliers or distributors. In addition to this, it also helps in maintaining customer trust and loyalty, by keeping in direct touch with the merchandisers. Apple included the features of apps download, iTunes and many other logistics in its cloud computing network. Again this was the management strategy which saved the company from investing in help centers or customer service departments. This simplifies the process of the supply chain, where the management can easily access the data of customer visits, downloads, complaints, and feedback. This speeds up the process of filtering of information and enabled managers to make decisions regarding product advancement or improvement before customers are bored or annoyed with the product(Blaisdell 2012). It is certain that the growing fame and wide acceptance of Apple iPhones and their other devices bring the challenge of delivering devices to various distributors, and not knowing exactly how many have been sold. Moreover, the procedure for purchase for high consumers is also complicated and slow, where the supplier first reports to the main distribution unit before making a large order. Managing the supply and purchase rate efficiently is one of the prime challenges a company faces in launching the product globally.  

The Instructors Leadership Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Instructors Leadership - Case Study Example We are motivated using the rewards of being to learn something in class and getting good grades and inversely, we will get failing grade and be admonished if we do not do well in class. As a leader, Terence Fletcher is a wise figure because the class looks up to him. There is so much we can learn from him and we respect him very much. He is also our role model. In class, he is always around to help us with our lessons and even pushes to perform. He motivates his class to believe in themselves that they can anything if they want it. The class could feel that he really wanted us to succeed not only in his subject but also in whatever endeavor we would like to be. Only that sometimes Terence Fletcher pushes some of his student hard which touches them in a wrong way that instead of being motivated, they felt being pushed too hard. Terence Fletcher encourages open communication with his class as part of his leadership style. He encourages to articulate ourselves not only as part of the subject of encouraging us to think but also as a method of his leadership of knowing and communicating with the students to make teaching more effective. 2. Our instructor’s leadership style is effective to some students and not effective to some. While we understand that it is the job of a teacher to motivate and push student’s to learn, each student has different learning styles and pace. After all, as the lecture of Fiedler’s Contingency Theory states, â€Å"Leader’s effectiveness depends on the fit between leader’s style and situation† which means that an effective leader or teacher adjusts according to the situation or the need of the student. For most students, our teacher’s leadership of encouraging us to do anything and helping us succeed is effective but applying the same style to all students may not work all the time. Some students like to pace their learning and does not feel motivated when they are pushed too much that instead of being motivated,  they felt being pushed too hard.

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Research Paper - Essay Example Arrest, detention and seizure are governed by stringent regulations and limitations which, according to Pilon (2000) are primarily intended to protect the citizenry against unreasonable searches, unjustifiable detentions and importantly, against the possibility of law enforcement’s abusing its powers. It is in relation to the stated that Turkey stands in direct contrast to Canada. This Eurasian nation has been cited for human rights abuses on countless occasions and both Amnesty International and the European Commission for Human Rights have repeatedly shed light on abuses vis-Ã  -vis all of search, seizure and detention (ECHR, 2003; U.S. Department of State, 2007). A comparison of the arrest, detention and seizure framework in Canada and Turkey will serve to underscore the imperatives of limiting police authority through the clear explication of the citizenry’s civic rights for the prevention of abuses which translate into nothing less than inexcusable miscarriages of justice. The rules which govern arrest, detention and seizure in Turkey are grounded in the country’s constitution. The Turkish Constitution clearly outlines the civic rights of the citizenry and outlines the limitations on police authority. As Kinzer (2002) explains, arbitrary arrests are prohibited with no statements of exception. Law enforcement must have a clear reason for arresting citizens and must establish, before a judge that the citizen in question has violated the laws of the nation and accordingly, that there are legitimate grounds for the issuance of an arrest warrant. If a warrant is granted, law enforcement has the legitimate right to take the suspect into custody where he/she may be detained for a maximum period of 7.5 days. This period can only be renewed if law enforcement uncovers evidence pertaining to the detained suspect’s highly probable culpability in a crime. Not only that but law enforcement must

Domestic Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Domestic Violence - Essay Example Several factors do involve why family violence is kept secret by the family members. It is in this way he/she can tolerate his/her acts of family abuse. Domestic violence is also termed as intimate violence. To consider a misdemeanor as domestic violence, there is the requisite of intimacy between the offender and the aggrieved party. Hence, domestic violence is not only true at the doorstep of the family, but to any relationships or affairs as well. There has been a vast campaign against domestic violence since then, most especially to women and children. Women and children are considered as the weakest human being and often entrenched to physical abuse. The prevailing condition of the society imbibed the legitimacy of man’s figure as the superior form of human being which shall maneuver the society. Women’s activist pushed through in establishing the woman’s figure and worth in the society. Furthermore, since there is an implied paternalism, the criminal justic e has lesser focused on domestic violence. This transfiguration has been contested by many individuals to honor and legislate laws and statutes that shall protect and safeguard women and children’s right. Domestic violence has different variations, the most common type is the physical abuse, and the other form is through emotional abuse. Physical abuse entails the use of force or objects in perpetrating the acts. The physical agility of men display their dominance over their partner, thus it is easy for them to inflict harm to their partners. There has been no postulated reason why men usually beat their wives or partners, but some probable cause or motives is due to financial matters. Grassroots families are more likely to be exposed in domestic violence mainly due to financial constraints. Instead of procuring a job, they turn their anger to their

History of Candle Magic

History of Candle Magic Introduction and Historically Speaking The history of candle magic or fire can be traced back to Paleolithic times. Fire is a source of inspiration and its immense power that inspired awe and wonder from ancient man in the early years of our development. Fire, not only kept the cave man warm, cooked his food, but also frightened away animals for their security. Can you imagine back in the past not having electricity and having to eat by candle light every night? Today we take so much for granted and now we treat eating by candle light a special occasion. Well historically the very first known candle-type was called rushlights and this was the first use of beeswax and use of animal fats. The process for making rushlights was soaking pithy reeds in animal fats and/or beeswax. This was noted as early as 3000 BC. As tombs of rulers were being unearthed they found candles resembling todays beeswax candles. It wasnt until the Romans improved candle making and used wicks of woven fibers to light up their places of worship and their homes. Before the first candles were invented, ancient cultures used oil lamps for light. The oil lamps are much like the ones we have today with a fiber wick. Back in ancient days the wick was made of flax and their burned as fuel plant oils, olive oil, beeswax and animal fats. The original meaning of the word candle comes from a Latin word Candere which meaning is â€Å"to shine.† Another ancient way to make candles came from India. They made candles for their temples and homes by boiling cinnamon and using the by-product of the boiling to create candles with. In India there was a ban to burn any candle made of animal fats because animals were considered scared. Candles are the physicaltool to connect to the Element of Fire. Fire has not only lit our way in this life, but it also corresponds directly to life and the creation there of. Although the importance of the candle died out with the invention of electricity and the light bulb, its still important in sacred religious ceremonies in many parts of the world. As history continued, humans quickly understood the need for light during the dark hours of the night. Later on, this power to illuminate took on a religious significance. In India, presenting a lit oil lamp in front of the God/Goddess is still practiced at home and in temples and it has become ceremonious practice. In Egypt, the followers of Isis kept her temple lamps lit at all hours, both day and night, to symbolize constant hope and life in the afterlife. In Paganism the Sabbat known as Yule (Dec 20-23) involves candles used on the Yule tree. The Festival of Lights, the Sabbat known as Imbolc (February 2nd) and is the Fire Festival for winter purification. In Irish Celtic belief is all centered around Saint Brigid, the Goddess of fire, fertility, home and hearth, livestock, crops, wisdom and poetry For Wiccans and Neo Pagans, this ceremony of lighting a candle signifies the element fire as we call upon the elements to join us in our ritual and draw from their energy. Knowing what candle to light, when to light, moon phases, and what colour to use can increase the potency of the intent of the practitioner. In Christianity lighting candles on or near the altar is an essential part of their practice. Assignment The following questions are to be submitted below at the link. Each answer should be answered in detail and should be in your own words. How do you use candles in your own practice? Why is Fire compared to life and important in ancient Egypts tombs? What is the importance of using candles during rituals and crafting work?

Essay on The Yellow Wallpaper: Imprisoned -- Yellow Wallpaper essays

Imprisoned in  The Yellow Wallpaper    As man developed more complex social systems, society placed more emphasis of childbearing. Over time, motherhood was raised to the status of â€Å"saintly†. This was certainly true in western cultures during the late 19th/early 20th century.   Charlotte Perkins Gilman did not agree with the image of motherhood that society proposed to its members at the time. â€Å"Arguably ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’ reveals women’s frustration in a culture that seemingly glorifies motherhood while it actually relegates women to nursery-prisons† (Bauer 65).   Among the many other social commentaries contained within this story, is the symbolic use of the nursery as a prison for the main character. From the very beginning the room that is called a nursery brings to mind that of a prison cell or torture chamber.   First we learn that outside the house there are locking gates, and the room itself contains barred windows and rings on the walls.   The paper is stripped off all around the bed, as far as is reachable, almost as if someone had been tied to the bed with nothing else to do.   A jail-like yellow is the color of the walls, which brings to mind a basement full of convicts rather than a vacation house.   I think that this image of the nursery as a holding cell is first an analogy for the narrator's feelings of being imprisoned and hidden away by her husband.   When she repeatedly asks John to take her away, he refuses with different excuses every time.   Either their lease will almost be up, or the other room does not have enough space, etc.   Even the simple request to have the paper changed is ignored:   â€Å"He said that after the wall-paper was changed it would be the heavy bedstead, and then the barred windows, and the... ...r members of the animal kingdom, humans have not evolved any longer with such strong maternal instinct.   Nurseries probably trapped and imprisoned many a young mother who listened to society and did what she thought she was supposed to.   And once they got there, maybe they realized it was not how they wanted to live their life.   Yet, they could not abandon their families and children, and so they were trapped by the cradle, the toys, the bottles, the nursery.    Works Cited Bauer, Dale, ed.   Charlotte Perkins Gilman, From Women and Economics, "Think Husbands Aren't Mainstays," "Dr. Clair's Place," From The Living of Charlotte Perkins Gilman.   Gilman 317-18. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins.   From The Living of Charlotte Perkins Gillman.   Gilman   334-44. - - -.   "The Yellow Wallpaper." 1892.   Ed. Dale M. Bauer.   Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 1998. 41-59.